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Electric Motors for Electric Vehicles: Land, Water, Air 2020-2030


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This report is of vital interest to all in the electric vehicle value chain from materials and component suppliers to parts and motor manufacturers a product integrators. Indeed there is much here for vehicle manufacturers and it is essential reading for planners. Electric motors are the only components that appear in all electric vehicles. Even batteries are sometimes replaced by supercapacitors. Every year, IDTechEx rewrites its definitive study of such motors. This year a new assessment is particularly important because so many things are changing. The chapters reflect these changes. Firstly, the Executive Summary and Conclusions, complete in itself, presents new conclusions about the sales and technology trends. The proliferation of applications is reflected in the world's most detailed forecasts for 101 categories of land, water and airborne vehicle over 12 years giving number, kWh and gross GWh for motors: 3,636 data points. Beyond that, the percentage of each motor technology for the 101 categories is given for 2020 and 2030 plus historical regional data.
 
The Introduction explains design choices in lucid new infograms. Learn how and why for such choices as external and internal rotor, synchronous vs asynchronous and subsets of that with the latest on which applications are winning and why and the issues.
 
Reflecting the new realities, there is a comprehensive chapter on 11 new trends in EV motors and their industry. A subsequent chapter focuses on the surge in adoption for axial flux motors - why and where - then one dives into 48V mild hybrids and soon 48V full hybrids becoming a massive market for complex starter-motor-generators and sometimes two motor architectures.
 
There is a chapter on the newly important large motors up to megawatts for land, water and air vehicle and we cover those essential controllers now so often costing more than the motor and integrated into it. Which motor technologies scale well here?
 
The 260 page report is replete with new graphs, tables, infograms and interview information.
 
The report is based on over 20 years researching EV motors globally by PhD level analysts interviewing in local languages and distilling inputs from privileged databases including our own and our longstanding conferences and consultancy in the subject.
 
You even learn new principles of electric propulsion and their potential and the activities of a host of new start ups for this is truly the only up-to-date comprehensive report on the subject. The orientation is much more commercial than academic.
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Table of Contents
1.EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
1.1.Purpose and scope of this report
1.2.Methodology
1.3.Primary conclusions: markets
1.4.Primary conclusions: technology
1.5.Motor needs by type of powertrain
1.6.Forecasts 2019-2030
1.6.1.Forecast overview 2019-2030 (applicational sectors) - vehicle number thousand
1.6.2.Forecast overview 2019-2030 (applicational sectors) - GW
1.6.3.Forecasts 2019-2030: Construction - vehicle number thousand
1.6.4.Forecasts 2019-2030: Construction - GW
1.6.5.Forecasts 2019-2030: Agriculture - number thousand
1.6.6.Forecasts 2019-2030: Agriculture - GW
1.6.7.Forecasts 2019-2030: Mining - vehicle number thousand
1.6.8.Forecasts 2019-2030: Mining - GW
1.6.9.Forecasts 2019-2030: Intralogistics - vehicle number thousand
1.6.10.Forecasts 2019-2030: Intralogistics - GW
1.6.11.Forecasts 2019-2030: Airport & off-road - vehicle number thousand
1.6.12.Forecasts 2019-2030: Airport & off-road - GW
1.6.13.Forecasts 2019-2030: Buses - vehicle number thousand
1.6.14.Forecasts 2019-2030: Buses - GW
1.6.15.Forecasts 2019-2030: Trucks - vehicle number thousand
1.6.16.Forecasts 2019-2030: Trucks - GW
1.6.17.Forecasts 2019-2030: Cars- vehicle number thousand
1.6.18.Forecasts 2019-2030: Cars- GW
1.6.19.Forecasts 2019-2030: Light Electric Vehicles - vehicle number thousand
1.6.20.Forecasts 2019-2030: Light Electric Vehicles - GW
1.6.21.Forecasts 2019-2030: Military- vehicle number thousand
1.6.22.Forecasts 2019-2030: Military- GW
1.6.23.Forecasts 2019-2030: Drones - vehicle number thousand
1.6.24.Forecasts 2019-2030: Drones - GW
1.6.25.Forecasts 2019-2030: Aircraft - vehicle number thousand
1.6.26.Forecasts 2019-2030: Aircraft - GW
1.6.27.Forecasts 2019-2030: Trains - vehicle number thousand
1.6.28.Forecasts 2019-2030: Trains - GW
1.6.29.Forecasts 2019-2030: Marine - vehicle number thousand
1.6.30.Forecasts 2019-2030: Marine - GW
1.6.31.Forecasts 2019-2030: Home & other - vehicle number thousand
1.6.32.Forecasts 2019-2030: Home & other - GW
1.7.EV motor technology split 2020 and 2030
1.7.1.Construction sector
1.7.2.Agriculture sector
1.7.3.Mining and intralogistics sectors
1.7.4.Buses and trucks
1.7.5.Cars and car-like vehicles
1.7.6.Two wheel, military, drone
1.7.7.Manned aircraft, battery trains
1.7.8.Marine, home robot, other
1.8.Neodymium cost trends spell trouble
1.8.1.Boiling the frog
1.8.2.Permanent magnets more popular but eventually unnecessary?
1.9.Regional sales
1.9.1.China
1.9.2.Europe
1.9.3.USA
1.10.Motor technologies for cars: global EV market shares
2.INTRODUCTION
2.1.Electric motor construction: mainly internal rotor
2.2.Three operating principles compared
2.3.Electric motor subtypes important for EVs
2.4.EV motor benefits compared
2.5.EV applications for the three motor types
2.6.Motor choice for pure electric cars and vans
2.7.Electric motors for other pure electric vehicles
2.8.Technology choices - a closer look
2.8.1.Let us get technical
2.8.2.A deeper dive
2.8.3.Spectrum of choice: benefits, challenges, uses
2.8.4.PMAC vs BLDC technology
2.8.5.Conductor format, optimisation, integration
3.ELEVEN IMPORTANT TRENDS IN EV MOTORS 2020-2030
3.1.Overview
3.2.Eleven trends
3.2.1.Increasing percentage of vehicle cost
3.2.2.Integration
3.2.3.Multifunction
3.2.4.Proliferation: vehicle has more motors
3.2.5.Much bigger motors needed
3.2.6.Vertical integration: Vehicle makers design their own motors
3.2.7.Less cooling
3.2.8.Voltage increase:
3.2.9.New principles of electrical propulsion
3.2.10.New materials: structural electronics
3.2.11.Acquisitions and partnerships
4.MOTOR DESIGN ISSUES
4.1.Trend to broad capability
4.2.Dana Corporation - TM4
4.3.Company experience and designer preferences
4.4.Lessons from Tesla the automotive market leader
4.4.1.Overview
4.4.2.Trying to catch Tesla
4.4.3.Tesla 3 Permanent Magnet Switched Reluctance Motor
4.4.4.Motor design advice from Tesla
4.5.Progress with switched reluctance
4.5.1.Patent analysis
4.5.2.Visedo synchronous reluctance assistant
4.5.3.Advanced Electric Machines
4.5.4.Eco Motor Works Canada
4.5.5.Nidec Japan
4.6.EV induction motor advances
4.6.1.CCE Thyssen Krupp
4.6.2.Tesla improves induction motors
4.7.48V hybrid vehicles: very large motor market emerging
4.7.1.Basic 48V mild hybrid: cleverer motor, stronger battery are key
4.7.2.Examples and timeline for cars
4.7.3.Ongoing incremental improvements at modest cost
4.7.4.Functions vs architectures
4.7.5.48V full hybrid can be primitive or maximum benefit
4.7.6.Continental
4.7.7.Eaton 48V full hybrid truck
4.7.8.Mercedes integrated starter generator ISG mild hybrid
4.7.9.Audi
4.7.10.Bentley
4.7.11.Jaguar Land Rover
4.7.12.Schaeffler
4.7.13.Valeo, Hyundai Mobis, Delphi, Tenneco, Bosch, IFEVS
5.ELECTRIC AIRCRAFT AND HIGH POWER TO WEIGHT
5.1.Chasing high power to weight ratio: history
5.2.Patent analysis: axial flux motors
5.3.Winners in Electric Aircraft Motors
5.3.1.Power to weight ratio
5.3.2.MagniX adopted most widely
5.3.3.Press release December 2020 - Honeywell, magniX, Cambridge Consultants, Nova Systems back the BEHA
5.4.AVID EVO claim 10 kW/kg: lands $70 million of orders
5.5.Equipmake reconfigured PM motor
5.6.Magnax axial flux
6.IN-WHEEL MOTORS NOW POPULAR
6.1.Overview
6.1.1.Widespread adoption at last: BYD, Olli
6.1.2.Protean 360 degree wheel
6.2.Lightyear axial flux in-wheel
6.2.1.Range sells cars
6.2.2.Less battery with in-wheel motors
6.3.Elaphe enabling 1000km on land
6.4.Nidec Japan
7.HEAVY DUTY EV MOTORS OFF-ROAD
7.1.Overview: Needs are different from on-road
7.2.Takeuchi TB216H hybrid mini excavator
7.3.All-electric Caterpillar excavator
7.4.Hyundai electric excavator
7.5.Asynchronous/ induction in mining vehicles
7.6.What next?
7.7.Military overview
7.8.Vehicles by Balquon, Alke, Polaris, Columbia, Hummer, Green Wheel, Quantum FCT
7.9.Larger military vehicles by BAE Systems, US DOD, Millenworks, Oshkosh
7.10.Latest progress
7.10.1.Autonomous off-road vehicles
7.10.2.Otokar armored vehicle Turkey
7.10.3.Nikola utility-task all-terrain vehicle USA
7.10.4.TARDEC USA
7.10.5.Arquus replacement for Humvee Sweden
7.10.6.GE, DARPA and QinetiQ US UK
7.10.7.GM Defense, Chevrolet Silverado USA
7.10.8.Fuel cell main battle tanks?
7.11.Electric boats and ships: a long history?
7.11.1.Marine Market Segments
7.11.2.Torqeedo: Moving Up to 100kW!
7.11.3.Torqeedo Inboards and Outboards
7.11.4.Key Growth Market: C&I Vessels
7.11.5.Focus of emissions regulation
7.11.6.Emission control areas (ECA)
7.11.7.Unprecedented global cap on Sulphur
7.11.8.World's First Pure Electric Container Ship
8.MOTOR CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
8.1.Overview
8.2.Major trends
8.3.Direct drive or transmission
8.4.View of Ultimate Transmissions
8.5.Power semiconductors are key
8.6.Examples
8.7.Proliferation drives simplification
8.7.1.Elimination of motor control
8.7.2.Shared components: University of Berlin, Infineon
8.7.3.Bidirectional Charge- and Traction-System (BCTS) Continental
8.8.Future 48V mild hybrid motor controllers: TT/ AB Microelectronics
 

Report Statistics

Slides 273
Forecasts to 2030
 
 
 
 

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